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Energy
President Calderon Announces More Pipeline Spending, Electricity Rate Cuts
March 7, 2008
President Calderon announced increased spending on pipeline maintenance and additional cuts in electricity rates as part of a broader MXN 60 billion stimulus package. Calderon said the government would increase the budget for pipeline maintenance by MXN 10 billion. Pemex commissioned a study on the status of its pipeline infrastructure which showed that much of the pipeline network was in bad repair and required significant upgrades. Nevertheless, Pemex does not yet have a budget for the necessary resources to fix the problem. Calderon said peak electricity rates would be cut by 20%, while commercial rates would be slashed by 10%. According to Calderon, the reductions amount to some MXN 7 billion and come on top of rate cuts of up to 50% put into effect in January.
CFE Awards Manzanillo LNG Project To Terminal KMS De GNL
March 7, 2008
Mexico's Federal Electricity Commission (CFE) awarded a consortium called Terminal KMS de GNL a contract to build and operate a new USD 480 million liquefied natural gas (LNG) terminal at Manzanillo, in the state of Colima. Terminal KMS de GNL includes Japan's Mitsui, South Korean group Samsung and the Korea Gas Corp. The contract also includes receiving the super-cooled liquid gas arriving by ship, storing it and turning it back into a gas form. Under the agreement, the three partners will build and own the terminal, and provide natural gas to CFE for 20 years once operations start around mid-2011. Terminal KMS beat two other consortiums, one formed by Canada's TransCanada, Argentina's Techint and Belgium's Tractebel, and the other made up of Spain's Iberdrola, Mexico's ICA and Japan's Tokyo Gas and IHI.
ICA Fluor Gets USD 100 Million Nitrogen Injection Plant, Power Plant Contracts
Narch 5, 2008
Mexican construction company ICA announced that ICA Fluor, a joint venture with U.S. engineering, procurement and construction company Fluor, received a USD 100 million contract from Sempra's liquefied natural gas (LNG) subsidiary Energia Costa Azul for the construction of a nitrogen injection plant and a power generation facility. ICA said that the project will be carried out at Sempra's LNG terminal near Ensenada, in the state of Baja California, and is expected to be completed within 22 months. The nitrogen injection plant will produce 18 million cubic feet a day of nitrogen, and the power generating plant will have a capacity of 26 megawatts.
Xignux To Make Generators In Northern Mexico For Export To Middle East
March 5, 2008
Mexican conglomerate Xignux announced that a new plant to build generators will be online within two months. The new facility will produce large-scale electricity substation generators that will be exported to the Middle East, mostly to Iraq and the neighboring nations. Prolec GE, a Xignux division that is a joint venture with General Electric, has focused production on manufacturing electric generators for commercial, industrial and residential markets.
AMEE: Private Investment Is Allowed In The Renewable Energy Sector
March 5, 2008
The president of the Mexican Aeolian Energy Association (AMEE) stated that the Public Service's Energy law on Electric Energy allows private investment in the development of renewable energy in Mexico. Investors can focus on small producers, exports, self-supply and external energy producers that sell their products to CFE. The executive noted that the state of Oaxaca leads in the production of aeolian energy in Mexico and emphasized the potential of the states of Baja California, Zacatecas, Veracruz, Hidalgo, Campeche, Yucatan and Sinaloa for producing renewable energy. Currently, the amount of aeolian energy that is exploitable in the Tehuantepec Isthmus could provide for 7% of the country's electric energy needs.
Promigas Seeks To Broaden Distribution Points
March 7, 2008
Colombian natural gas producer Promigas seeks to broaden its market share in the distribution of natural gas for the automotive industry in Mexico and announced investment of USD 45 million for the said purpose during the next five years. Promigas also said that this year it will open 5 service stations of the 30 it has planned in the five-year period. In addition, Promigas will participate in the Energy Regulatory Commission's (CRE's) upcoming bids to build new ducts at the Manzanillo-Guadalajara and San Luis Potosi-Altamira corridors, as well as for the assignment of new distribution areas in the states of Veracruz and Hidalgo.
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Mining
War Eagle Mining Searches For Germanium In Chihuahua
March 3, 2008
Canadian mining company War Eagle Mining is searching for germanium, a minor metal whose price is booming due to high U.S. military spending and export controls by China, in the Chihuahua desert, in the state of the same name. Germanium, a by-product of zinc and coal production, is used to make infrared missile guidance systems and surveillance cameras mounted on tanks and helicopters. Demand for germanium, also a component of fiber optic cables and high-speed computer chips, outpaces world supply of only around 100 tons a year. Germanium's price has risen to its highest in over a decade at around USD 1,300 a kilogram.
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Trade & Investment
President Calderon: Mexico Ready To Restart Trade Talks With Panama
March 6, 2008
President Calderon said Mexico was ready to talk to Panama about restarting stalled free trade negotiations and that he had instructed officials to move toward resuming the discussions, which have taken place sporadically since the 1990s. Talks have been hampered by differences over Panama's anti-money laundering laws, which Mexico and other countries have criticized as not tough enough.
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Banking, Insurance & Finance
BBVA Bancomer Launches Local Market's First BRIC Fund
March 4, 2008
Mexican-Spanish bank BBVA Bancomer said it launched the first mutual fund on the local market that seeks to tap the exceptional growth prospects of the so-called BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India and China) countries. BBVA Bancomer said the fund will focus on stocks in those four countries, which combined are expected to account for 12% of the global economy this year. The BRIC fund will invest in exchange traded funds, or ETFs, that are traded on the Mexican stock exchange's (BMV's) international system. The fund's weighting will be 36% China, 28% Brazil, 21% Russia, and 15% India, although the ETFs in which it invests could vary.
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Business & Industry
Arca Agrees To Acquire Coca-Cola Franchise In Argentina
March 3, 2008
Mexican Coca-Cola bottler Embotelladoras Arca said it will buy a franchise from Coca-Cola in Argentina for an undisclosed amount. The purchase marks Arca's first planned entry into South America. Arca said the franchise serves the provinces of Catamarca, Jujuy, La Rioja, Salta, Santiago del Estero and Tucuman, which have a combined population of close to five million people. Arca, which has 14 bottling plants, has planned USD 170 million in capex this year.
Vitro To Focus On Auto Glass As U.S. Housing Slow Down Continues
March 3, 2008
Mexican glassmaker Vitro has responded to the subprime mortgage crisis and the U.S. recession by diversifying its businesses. Vitro's CFO said that the company expects to compensate for falling sales to the U.S. housing sector by increasing the production of auto glass for OEMs and for the replacement market. Vitro expects to invest USD 230 million in 2008; the funds would be used to improve infrastructure and to seek out new markets that could result in acquisitions.
Medica Sur Completes Acquisition Of Hospital Santa Teresa
March 3, 2008
Mexican hospital chain Medica Sur has completed the acquisition of peer Hospital Santa Teresa IGO for MXN 210 million. Medica Sur said it has extended its presence to the Mexico City (DF) northern area through the purchase. Hospital Santa Teresa specializes in treating women, with annual sales of about MXN 75 million.
Pharmaceutical Companies Seek Legal Protection Against IETU
March 3, 2008
The president of the National Pharmaceutical Chamber (Canifarma) said that some companies in the pharmaceutical sector have been seeking legal protection against Mexico's new corporate tax IETU. The number of firms that have begun the said process was not disclosed. According to the CEO of U.S. drug producer Wyeth, companies are looking for protection against IETU because of the negative impact it has on investment's profitability; it taxes stocks excessively and eliminates donations' deductibility.
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Automotive
Grupo Kuo Sells Its Stake In Paint Business To CIE
March 5, 2008
Mexican chemical, consumer and auto parts conglomerate Grupo Kuo reached an agreement to sell 100% of its paint unit Pintura y Ensambles de Mexico to Spanish concern and partner CIE for USD 32 million. Kuo said it had also granted CIE an option to buy shares in its auto parts joint venture, CIE-Desc, which it does not already own. Pintura y Ensambles de Mexico has two plants and its revenues for 2008 are estimated at USD 82 million.
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Housing & Mortgaging
Infonavit To Sell Mortgage Bonds In Late March
March 4, 2008
Government-run housing fund Infonavit said the volatility in global financial markets hasn't derailed its plan to sell about MXN 3 billion in mortgage-backed bonds at the end of the month. Infonavit's 2008 budget calls for it to make between 500,000 and 540,000 loans for amounts between MXN 159.64 billion and MXN 168.83 billion, while issuing between MXN 15 billion and MXN 20 billion in its mortgage-backed securities (Cedevis). Mexican mortgage lenders have found steady demand for their mortgage-backed bonds mainly from domestic institutional investors like pension funds, insurance companies and banks that are looking for attractive yields and long-dated securities.
Scotiabank Mexico Unit To Issue Up To MXN 2.5 Billion In Mortgage Bonds
March 4, 2008
The Mexican arm of Canada's Bank of Nova Scotia, Grupo Financiero Scotiabank, filed to sell up to MXN 2.5 billion in mortgage-backed bonds later this month. Scotiabank said the issuance is part of a residential mortgage-backed securities program for MXN 10 billion. Mortgages accounted for about 35% of Grupo Financiero Scotiabank's performing loan portfolio of MXN 89 billion at the end of December.
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Construction & Infrastructure
Interacciones To Double Infrastructure Loans In 2008
March 6, 2008
Mexican financial group Grupo Financiero Interacciones said it plans to finance more than MXN 9 billion in infrastructure projects in 2008, nearly double the amount it financed last year. The projects will include public works at the federal, state and municipal levels. Interacciones financed MXN 4.21 billion in infrastructure projects last year, including highway concessions, a hydroelectric power project and several water treatment plants. President Calderon has pledged billions of dollars in additional spending on infrastructure projects this year to boost the economy, and has vast infrastructure development plans for his term.
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Retail
Famsa Opens Its Doors In California
March 8, 2008
Mexican furniture company Famsa has opened its doors in Victorville, California, despite the fact that two national chains have recently gone out of business. The company has been growing in the U.S. for the last seven years; along with providing one-on-one customer service, a big part of the retailer's success has been targeting the Hispanic market. Famsa offers home furniture, home appliances and electronics; it also offers customers the ability to purchase an item at the Victorville store for delivery to family in Mexico, some locations in Central America, and provides money wiring services.
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Transportation
KCSM Disagrees With Federal Plan On Cross-Border Bridge
March 3, 2008
U.S. rail company Kansas City Southern's Mexican subsidiary (KCSM) said it does not support the Communications and Transport Ministry's (SCT's) plan to focus infrastructure investments on a new bridge connecting Nuevo Laredo, in the state of Tamaulipas, to Laredo, Texas, which would favor Union Pacific. Union Pacific is a partner to Ferrosur and Ferromex, two Mexican rail firms that merged two years ago despite not having received the approval of competition authorities.
GAP Inaugurates International Terminal At Puerto Vallarta Airport
March 5, 2008
Mexican airport operator Grupo Aeroportuario del Pacifico (GAP) began operations at its international terminal at the Puerto Vallarta airport, in the state of Jalisco. The new terminal was developed in order to reduce traffic, boost tourism and because 80% of Puerto Vallarta's visitors are foreign, mainly from the U.S. Investment for the international terminal at Puerto Vallarta's airport amounted to MXN 163 million. GAP said it will invest about MXN 1.8 billion to build and enhance its Guadalajara, Los Cabos, Tijuana and Puerto Vallarta airports.
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Telecommunications & Technology
Ecuador Says America Movil Owes USD 150 Million In Taxes
March 3, 2008
Ecuador said a unit of Mexican mobile telephony provider America Movil owes the county USD 150 million in unpaid taxes from 2004 to 2006. Ecuador's tax service chief launched an investigation into the company's finances last year and urged it to pay. The officer said he would like America Movil to pay pending taxes before the county agrees to renew its concession for another 15 years. America Movil's unit Porta and Spanish Telefonica's unit Movistar are renegotiating their deals with the county to renew their concessions which the government says should cost USD 700 million for both, about seven times their original cost.
Satmex To Begin Construction Of Satmex VII
March 5, 2008
Mexican satellite company Satmex will begin construction of a new satellite within the next 60 days. Sources have said that Satmex had received proposals from several builders and has made a choice, however, disclosure of the winner could not be made at the time. Satmex will pay for the satellite, expected to cost about USD 250 million, from its internally generated funds. Satmex said that the government has paid USD 21 million for Solidaridad II, a satellite currently in inclined orbit, in order to protect the rights that the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) has granted Mexico on the L frequency band for national security services.
Littelfuse To Move Mexican Facility To China
March 5, 2008
U.S. circuit protection products maker Littelfuse said it plans to move its semiconductor assembly and test operation from Mexico to Wuxi, China, over two years. The project is expected to generate USD 7.4 million in annual savings once the transition is complete. The move will result in pre-tax charges of about USD 6.3 million, of which around USD 5 million will be recorded in 1Q. The transition will affect about 950 employees in Matamoros, in the state of Tamaulipas. The Matamoros facility was acquired by Littelfuse in 2003 through its takeover of Teccor Electronics.
Grupo Televisa Plans To Bid For WiMax License
March 3, 2008
Mexican broadcaster Grupo Televisa plans to bid for a license to operate a wireless high-speed Internet network in an effort to offer phone, data, and video services. The CFO of Televisa's cable unit Empresas Cablevision said the government plans to auction licenses to offer WiMax services later this year. Televisa expects to increase its telephone customers to 40,000 by the end of 2008 from 9,000 in December, as it expands marketing and offers unlimited calling packages.
Hildebrando Acquires CrossHorizons
March 6, 2008
Mexican provider of systems integration, application development, BPO and captive center services Hildebrando announced it has completed the acquisition of CrossHorizons, a U.S. consulting firm specializing in software, CrossHorizons for an undisclosed amount. CrossHorizons provides software engineering, software architecture, testing factories, and enterprise application integration services.
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Economy
President Calderon Announces USD 5.6 Billion Economic Stimulus Package
March 3, 2008
In order to promote employment and economic growth, President Calderon announced a USD 5.6 billion, 10-point package that includes tax breaks, a reduction in company contributions to the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS), simplification of administrative requirements for exporters and importers, and development bank support in securing access to credit for sectors that have traditionally lacked the said access. Companies will receive a 3% income tax break for the next five months and 10% to 20% electricity rate reductions to help them overcome the effects of what Calderon called "an adverse international environment."
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Politics
Mexico Criticizes Colombia's Ecuador Raid, Receives Rio Group Secretaryship
March 8, 2008
President Calderon added his voice to regional condemnation of Colombia's military strike on rebels inside Ecuador, and called on the two countries to resolve the problem peacefully. Mexico's criticism of Colombia came after Brazil condemned the bomb attack and called on Bogota to offer an explicit apology. President Calderon met with counterparts from Latina American countries at the 20th Summit of Heads of State and Government of the Rio Group. President Calderon was handed over the Pro Tempore secretaryship of the organization and served as mediator in the mentioned conflict. At the ceremony, leaders from the countries involved shook hands and entered into talks regarding the said incident.
The U.S. And Mexico Renew Agreement On Cooperation In Health
March 4, 2008
U.S. Health and Human Services (HHS) Secretary Mike Leavitt and Mexico's Health Minister Jose Angel Cordova signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) strengthening cross-border cooperation to address public health and medical and scientific issues. Through the MOU, the U.S. and Mexico announced their intention to focus collaborative efforts on public health emergency preparedness and response; the health concerns of vulnerable groups; training; disease prevention and health promotion; and the detection, surveillance and reporting of infectious and chronic diseases. The two secretaries signed the renewed MOU at the conclusion of the plenary session of the annual meeting of the U.S.-Mexico Border Health Commission.
PGR Launches Probe On Minister Of Interior, Complicates Energy Reform
March 9, 2008
Recently appointed Minister of Interior Juan Camilo Mouriño, President Calderon's point man for energy and labor reforms, faces a congressional probe into corruption and alleged influence peddling. The Federal Attorney General's office (PGR), which announced the investigation, said that Mouriño faces allegations of using his political clout while previously serving as a federal congressman and top energy official to benefit a family business. The announcement came after former presidential candidate Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador produced a series of contracts dated from 2000 to 2004 between Pemex and the Mouriño family business Transportes Especializados Ivancar.
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Justice, Safety & Crime
Senate Passes Judicial Reform Constitutional Amendment
March 7, 2008
Senators approved a sweeping judicial reform that would introduce public, oral trials and guarantee the presumption of innocence. The Senate voted 71 to 25 in favor of the measure, after a clause that would have let police search homes without warrants was deleted from it. The constitutional amendment, which must still be approved by at least 17 of Mexico's 31 states, would replace closed-door proceedings in which judges rely on written evidence with U.S.-style open trials based on arguments presented by prosecutors and defense lawyers. It would also allow recorded phone calls to be used as evidence in criminal cases if at least one of the conversation's participants agrees.
U.S. Releases Tijuana Cartel Leader
March 6, 2008
The U.S. has freed drug lord Francisco Rafael Arellano Felix, the eldest of five brothers who control the Tijuana cartel. Arellano Felix was released at a border crossing in El Paso and walked to Mexican soil, where family members met him, ushered him into a sedan and drove off. Authorities say there are no outstanding charges against him in Mexico. For years, Francisco Arellano Felix, 58, ran the Tijuana cartel, known for ruthless killings and the smuggling of tons of cocaine. Mexican authorities arrested him in 1993 and sentenced him to 11 years in prison, and he stayed in prison 2 more years while he fought extradition to the U.S. He was finally transferred to the U.S. in 2006 and convicted of selling cocaine to an undercover agent in 1980.
SRE Provides Details On Merida Initiative Funds To Legislators
March 6, 2008
The Foreign Affairs Ministry (SER) provided lawmakers from the two Houses' National Defense and Foreign Affairs Commissions details on the way funds from the Merida Initiative will be used. The document was produced by the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) and shows that 47% of the USD 950 million to be provided by the U.S. to Mexico between 2008 and 2009 will be used to purchase helicopters, airplanes and maritime surveillance equipment. The rest of the funds will go to the Investigation and National Security Center (CISEN), among others.
Mexico Obtains CICT Vice Presidency
March 5, 2008
The Federal Attorney General's Office (PGR) announced that Mexico assumed the Inter-American Committee Against Terrorism's (CICTE's) vice presidency for the 2008-2009 term during the 8th period of CICTE's ordinary sessions. PGR's International Affairs and Judicial under Attorney Jose Luis Santiago Vasconcelos will be in charge of the office. Mexico's candidacy to occupy the office was proposed by Panama and supported by Colombia.
Failed Mexico Bomb Plot Ordered From Sinaloa
March 4, 2008
A failed plot to bomb a Mexico City (DF) police commander has been traced to the state of Sinaloa, home to one of the country's most powerful drug cartels. Investigations say that an unidentified man from Mazatlan, Sinaloa, who goes by the nickname "El Patron" (The Boss) ordered the killing of police Commander Julio Sanchez Amaya following a series of weapons seizures and arrests of several alleged members of the cartel. However, the DF Attorney General did not confirm whether "El Patron" is a member of the Sinaloa cartel.
Ecuador, Mexico Probe Deaths Of Mexicans In Raid, One Body Identified
March 6, 2008
Ecuador and Mexico are investigating whether up to 10 Mexicans, possibly students and professors, died in the Colombian air strike in Ecuador that killed a top FARC leader and sparked a heated diplomatic dispute in the Andean region. Mexican student Lucia Morett was wounded in the attack on the rebel base and is being held and treated at a military hospital in Ecuador. Her father told Mexican media that she was a drama student working on an academic thesis in Ecuador. Members from another Mexican family identified the body of Juan Gonzalez del Castillo, a student killed in the strike.
Authorities Seize Nearly USD 12 Million Bound For Panama
March 8, 2008
Authorities said they seized nearly USD 12 million in cash during an inspection of a Panama-bound shipping container in western Mexico. The money was discovered in the port of Manzanillo, in the state of Colima, during a joint anti-organized-crime operation by customs, the navy, police, soldiers and prosecutors, but wasn't fully counted until later the same week. The money was found stuffed into 20 boxes inside a container that departed from the Mexican city of Toluca and was to be loaded on a Liberia-flagged ship bound for Panama.
Murderers Of First Lady's Relative Hector Zavala McGregor Get 61 Years
March 4, 2008
The executioner and the mastermind behind the murder of First Lady Margarita Zavala's cousin Hector Zavala McGregor were sentenced to 61 years in prison. Carlos Augusto Cervantes Clilallaxin a.k.a. El Kongo shot McGregor in December 2006 after Beulo Lopez Arias paid him MXN 100,000 to do so. Lopez Arias paid for Zavala's murder due to alleged business-related disagreements.
Seven Die In Shootout Between Gunmen And Soldiers In Chihuahua
March 10, 2008
The Defense Ministry (SEDENA) said that a shootout between soldiers and gunmen in Chihuahua left six suspects and a military captain dead and seven others wounded. Soldiers responded to a report that armed gunmen were hiding out in a house in the city of Chihuahua, in the state of the same name. The suspects opened fire and launched fragmentation grenades at soldiers when they arrived at the scene. The six suspects killed in the ensuing gun battle have yet to be identified and three others were arrested at the scene. Authorities also seized 10 high-powered rifles, 12 fragmentation grenades and 7 bulletproof vests. A captain died in the shootout and five other soldiers were treated at a local hospital and in stable condition.
Army, Police, Gunmen Battle For Five Hours In Tijuana Leaving One Dead
March 4, 2008
Mexican soldiers and federal police fought a five-hour gun battle with suspected drug gang hit men in a residential area of Tijuana, in the state of Baja California. At least one of the heavily armed suspects was killed and two were injured. The confrontation was the latest in a series of street battles that have occurred in the city, where rival drug cartels also turn their weapons on each other. The battle took place in Tijuana's La Mesa neighborhood, a troubled area where the police commander was killed in January.
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Other
Veracruz Findings Modify Ancient Chronology
March 4, 2008
The discovery of a commercial fishing port at the Coatzacoalcos river, in the state of Veracruz, showed that the area was already populated during the Olmecas age – 200 B.C. – and has therefore changed historic chronological information that dated the area's population at 1522 A.D. The discovery followed diggings in the area to build a tunnel that will cross the river. The findings prove that fishing and trade of objects such as obsidian with Mayans and Teotihuacans is older than believed.
Farmers Unearth 3,500-Year-Old Archeological Pieces
March 5, 2008
Farmers from Mexico City's (DF's) southeastern district of Tlahuac have unearthed a number of archeological pieces dating back to 1500 B.C. Mexican archaeologist Victor Arribalzaga said the discovery also included more recent archeological pieces that might have been produced between 200 A.D. and 800 A.D. The expert was quoted as saying that an archeological site called Tlaltenco in the Tlahuac district was home to a variety of archeological materials, including pots and small obsidian knives, among other pieces.
Archaeologists Conclude Phase Of Restoration At Mayan Site
March 3, 2008
A group of archaeologists has successfully concluded the restoration of several emblematic buildings at the ancient Mayan site of Chichen Itza. The work, which was part of the continuing restoration efforts at the archaeological site, was carried out in an area known as the "Gran Nivelacion." The remains were subjected to processes to make them impermeable to water and to correct previous restorations that used inadequate materials such as cement.
Buffett World's Richest Man, Slim Second
March 5, 2008
Forbes magazine said that U.S. investor Warren Buffett, who heads Berkshire Hathaway, has replaced his friend and Microsoft founder Bill Gates as the richest man in the world. The magazine estimated Buffett's worth at USD 62 billion in its annual ranking of the world's wealthiest people. Mexican telecom tycoon Carlos Slim came in second with an estimated worth of USD 60 billion, pushing Gates to third place after 13 years of holding the number one spot. Forbes estimated Gates' worth at USD 58 billion.
Mexican Photographer Wins Hasselblad Photography Prize
March 6, 2008
Mexican photographer Graciela Iturbide was awarded a gold medal and an MXN 825,000 photography prize by the Hasselblad Foundation from Sweden. The event marks the second time in 28 years that a Mexican photographer was given the award – which is often considered as a photography Nobel Prize – by the foundation. In 1984, it was Iturbide's professor Manuel Alvarez Bravo who was awarded the prize.
Writers' Museum Opens In Mexico City
March 5, 2008
A Writers' Museum containing first editions by famed authors such as Gabriel Garcia Marquez, Juan Rulfo and Edgar Allan Poe has been inaugurated in Mexico City (DF), although a lack of space and funding has hampered the project thus far. The museum is being promoted by Mexican author Rene Aviles' foundation with the goal of disseminating culture. Yet at present the facility has just 20 square meters – a small room and one wall – to display all the material in its collection. The collection includes more than 900 first editions – 400 of them signed – around 250 letters, engravings, original pictures and photographs of different writers, as well as pens, typewriters, computers and other personal items of famed authors. Among the writers whose work and other items are part of the collection are Gabriel Garcia Marquez, Edgar Allan Poe, Juan Rulfo, Jose Saramago, Carlos Fuentes, Alejo Carpentier, Yevgeny Yevtushenko, Isidro Fabela, Juan Jose Arreola, Rafael Solana, Fernando Vallejo, Jose Revueltas, Jose Emilio Pacheco, Jose Agustin, Gustavo Sainz, Carlos Monsivais, Elena Poniatowska, Rafael Alberti, Jorge Luis Borges and Nicolas Guillen.
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